Introduction to Irregular Verbs
Irregular verbs do not follow the regular pattern of adding -ed for the past simple and past participle forms. Instead, their past forms change in unpredictable ways and must be memorized.
1. Key points about irregular verbs:
- They have three forms to learn:
- Bare Infinitive (base form)
- Past Simple
- Past Participle
- Unlike regular verbs, the past simple and past participle forms of irregular verbs often differ from the base form and from each other.
- Irregular verbs are essential for forming past tenses and perfect tenses correctly.
2. Examples of irregular verb forms:
| Bare Infinitive | Past Simple | Past Participle | Meaning (French) |
|---|---|---|---|
| go | went | gone | aller |
| see | saw | seen | voir |
| take | took | taken | prendre |
| come | came | come | venir |
| eat | ate | eaten | manger |
To remember: Irregular verbs must be learned individually as they do not follow a fixed rule.
Common Irregular Verbs (A-C)
1. Common Irregular Verbs (A-C)
Below is a selection of common irregular verbs from A to C, with their base form, past simple, past participle, and meaning in French. These verbs do not follow the regular "-ed" ending pattern and must be memorized.
| Base Form | Past Simple | Past Participle | Meaning (French) |
|---|---|---|---|
| To arise | arose | arisen | Survenir |
| To awake | awoke | awoken | Se réveiller |
| To be | was / were | been | Être |
| To bear | bore | born / borne | Porter |
| To beat | beat | beaten | Battre |
| To become | became | become | Devenir |
| To begin | began | begun | Commencer |
| To bend | bent | bent | Plier |
| To bet | bet | bet | Parier |
| To bid | bid | bid | Faire une offre |
| To bid | bade | bidden | Enjoindre / dire |
| To bind | bound | bound | Lier |
| To bite | bit | bitten | Mordre |
| To bleed | bled | bled | Saigner |
| To blow | blew | blown | Souffler |
| To break | broke | broken | Casser |
| To bring | brought | brought | Apporter |
| To broadcast | broadcast | broadcast | Diffuser |
| To build | built | built | Construire |
| To burn | burnt / burned | burnt / burned | Brûler |
| To burst | burst | burst | Éclater |
| To buy | bought | bought | Acheter |
| Can / to be able to | could | been able | Pouvoir (capacité) |
| To cast | cast | cast | Jeter (un sort) |
| To catch | caught | caught | Attraper |
| To choose | chose | chosen | Choisir |
| To cling | clung | clung | S’accrocher |
| To come | came | come | Venir |
| To cost | cost | cost | Coûter |
| To creep | crept | crept | Ramper |
Note: Some verbs have multiple past participle forms (e.g., burnt / burned), both are correct but usage may vary by region.
This list covers essential irregular verbs starting with A, B, and C that are frequently used and must be mastered for correct past tense and perfect tense formation.